How To Choose The Best Fish Tank For Small Aquaponics Systems

For those new to aquaponics, starting with a small system is often the best approach. A crucial component of any successful small aquaponics system is the fish tank, as it serves as the heart of the system, It also house the fish that generate the nutrients essential for plant growth. Choosing the right fish tank can make or break your aquaponics venture, as it directly impacts the health of your fish and the efficiency of your system.

In this blog, we will explore the key factors to consider in selecting the best fish tank for your small aquaponics system. We will discuss the different tank options, discuss the pros and cons of each, and provide practical tips for setting up and maintaining your fish tank. Whether you're a beginner looking to start your first aquaponics project or an experienced gardener seeking to optimize your current setup, this blog will help you make an informed decision and set you on the path to a thriving aquaponics system.

Understanding Aquaponics Fish Tanks

An aquaponics fish tank serves as the central hub where fish live and produce waste, which is then converted into nutrients essential for plant growth. This closed-loop system relies on the symbiotic relationship between aquatic life and plants, where fish waste provides ammonia that bacteria convert into nitrites and nitrates, which plants absorb as nutrients. The tank thus acts as a vital component in maintaining water quality and facilitating nutrient cycling within the aquaponics ecosystem.

Key Features to Look for in a Fish Tank Suitable for Aquaponics

Choosing the right fish tank is crucial for the success of a small aquaponics system. Several factors need to be considered to ensure that the tank not only meets the needs of the fish but also integrates well with the overall system. Here are the key factors to consider in choosing a fish tank:

1. Size and Volume of the Tank

• Importance: The size and volume of the tank determine the number of fish you can raise and the amount of waste they produce, which directly affects the nutrient supply for your plants. A larger tank can support more fish, leading to a more productive system, while a smaller tank is easier to manage and maintain.

• Considerations: For beginners, a tank with a volume of 20-50 gallons is often recommended for small systems. Ensure that the tank size matches the space available and allows for proper fish stocking density. 

2. Material of the Tank

• Plastic: Lightweight, durable, and often the most affordable option. Food-grade plastic is preferred to avoid chemicals leaching into the water. Plastic tanks are also easy to move and set up.

• Glass: Provides a clear view of the fish, which can be beneficial for monitoring health and behavior. Glass tanks are heavier and more fragile than plastic, requiring careful handling and placement.

• Fiberglass: Extremely durable and resistant to corrosion. Fiberglass tanks are more expensive but offer long-term reliability. They are also lightweight compared to glass tanks of the same size.

• Considerations: Choose a material based on your budget, aesthetic preference, and the tank's intended location. Ensure that any material used is safe for fish and plants.

3. Shape and Design of the Tank

• Rectangular Tanks: Common and widely available. They provide a large surface area for oxygen exchange and are easy to fit into most spaces.

• Cylindrical Tanks: Offer good water circulation and are often used in larger, commercial systems. They are less common for small home systems but can be effective.

• Custom Shapes: Some systems may benefit from custom-shaped tanks to fit specific spaces or design requirements. Custom tanks can be more expensive but allow for greater flexibility.

• Considerations: The shape of the tank can impact water circulation and ease of access for cleaning and maintenance. Choose a shape that suits your space and system layout.

4. Durability and Longevity

• Importance: A durable tank ensures the long-term viability of your aquaponics system. Materials that resist wear and tear, UV degradation, and chemical corrosion are preferred.

• Considerations: Assess the expected lifespan of the tank material and consider any warranties or guarantees offered by the manufacturer. Investing in a durable tank can save money and effort in the long run.

5. Ease of Cleaning and Maintenance

• Importance: Regular cleaning and maintenance are essential for keeping the tank environment healthy for fish. A tank that is easy to clean will simplify this task and encourage consistent maintenance.

• Considerations: Look for tanks with smooth, non-porous surfaces that prevent algae buildup and are easy to wipe down. Accessibility is also important—ensure that you can easily reach all areas of the tank for cleaning and maintenance.

6. Compatibility with Other Aquaponics Components

• Importance: The fish tank must integrate seamlessly with other components of the aquaponics system, such as the grow bed, water pump, and plumbing. Compatibility ensures efficient water flow and nutrient cycling.

• Considerations: Ensure that the tank has appropriate inlets and outlets for plumbing connections. Consider the height and position of the tank relative to the grow bed to facilitate gravity-fed water return if necessary. 

Top Fish Tank Options for Small Aquaponics Systems

When selecting a fish tank for a small aquaponics system, it's essential to consider various options and their specific benefits and drawbacks. Here are four popular choices:

Option 1: Plastic Barrels

Plastic barrels, often made from food-grade polyethylene, are a cost-effective and versatile option for small aquaponics systems.

Pros:

• Plastic barrels are relatively inexpensive and widely available.
• Resistant to impact and corrosion, making them long-lasting.
• Easy to transport and set up.
• Can be easily cut and modified to fit specific needs.

Cons:

• Typically come in 55-gallon sizes, which may not be suitable for larger fish populations.
• Industrial appearance may not be visually appealing for all setups.
• Rounded shape can make them less stable and harder to place in some spaces.

Best Practices for Use:

• Ensure the barrel is thoroughly cleaned and free of any residual chemicals before use.
• Secure the barrel in a stable location to prevent tipping.
• Consider insulating the barrel to maintain stable water temperatures, especially in outdoor setups.
• Install proper inlets and outlets for plumbing connections, and add a sturdy lid to prevent fish from jumping out.

Option 2: Glass Aquariums

Glass aquaponics aquariums are a common choice for home systems due to their clarity and availability.

Pros:

• Clear glass allows for easy monitoring of fish health and behavior.
• Attractive and can be integrated into indoor living spaces as a decorative element.
• Widely available in various sizes and shapes.

Cons:

• Glass is prone to cracking and breaking, requiring careful handling.
• Glass tanks are significantly heavier than plastic or fiberglass options, making them harder to move and set up.
• Generally more expensive than plastic barrels.

Best Practices for Use:

• Ensure the tank is placed on a sturdy, level surface to support its weight.
• Handle with care to avoid cracks and chips; consider using a protective base mat.
• Regularly clean the glass to prevent algae buildup and maintain visibility.
• Use appropriate stands or cabinets designed to support the weight of the filled tank.

Option 3: Fiberglass Tanks

Fiberglass tanks offer a durable and long-lasting option for aquaponics systems, suitable for both indoor and outdoor use.

Pros:

• Highly resistant to impact, UV rays, and chemical corrosion.
• Easier to move and set up compared to glass tanks of similar size.
• Can withstand harsh environmental conditions, making them ideal for outdoor systems.

Cons:

• More expensive upfront compared to plastic barrels and glass aquariums.
• May be harder to find in standard retail stores, often requiring specialized suppliers.
• Industrial look may not suit all settings.

Best Practices for Use:

• Place the tank on a stable, level surface to ensure even weight distribution.
• Consider adding insulation for outdoor setups to maintain water temperature.
• Use non-abrasive cleaning tools to avoid scratching the surface.
• Ensure proper support for larger tanks to prevent deformation or stress on the structure.

Option 4: IBC Totes

Intermediate Bulk Containers (IBC) totes are large, robust containers often used in commercial and industrial applications, and they can be repurposed for aquaponics.

Pros:

• Typically available in sizes up to 275-330 gallons, allowing for larger fish populations.
• Made from sturdy materials designed to withstand heavy use and outdoor conditions.
• Can be easily modified and integrated into various system designs.

Cons:

• Large size can be a disadvantage for small spaces and more difficult to handle.
• Industrial appearance may not be visually appealing for home use.
• Thorough cleaning is required to ensure no residual chemicals remain.

Best Practices for Use:

• Ensure the tote is thoroughly cleaned and sanitized before use, especially if it previously contained chemicals.
• Cut the top off to create an open fish tank or modify as needed for plumbing connections.
• Secure the tote on a stable, level surface to prevent shifting or tipping.
• Consider insulating the tote for temperature control in outdoor setups.

Setting Up Your Aquaponics Fish Tank

Setting up your fish tank correctly is essential for establishing a healthy and balanced aquaponics system. Below are the steps in preparing the tank, introduce the fish, and integrate it with the grow bed and other components.

1. Preparing the Tank

A. Cleaning and Sanitizing

• Importance: Cleaning and sanitizing the tank ensure that no harmful chemicals or pathogens are present that could harm the fish or disrupt the system.
• Steps:
• Clean: Rinse the tank thoroughly with clean water. Avoid using soap or detergents, as they can leave residues harmful to fish.
• Sanitize: Use a diluted bleach solution (1 part bleach to 10 parts water) to sanitize the tank. Rinse thoroughly and let it air dry completely to ensure all bleach evaporates.
• Inspect: Check the tank for any cracks, leaks, or defects that might need repair before filling it with water.

B. Adding Water and Cycling the Tank

• Importance: Cycling the tank establishes beneficial bacteria that convert harmful ammonia from fish waste into nitrates that plants can use.
• Steps:
• Fill: Fill the tank with dechlorinated water. You can use a water conditioner to remove chlorine and chloramine or let the water sit for 24-48 hours.
• Introduce Ammonia: Add a source of ammonia (like pure ammonia or fish food) to start the nitrogen cycle. This encourages the growth of nitrifying bacteria.
• Monitor: Test the water regularly for ammonia, nitrites, and nitrates. This process can take 2-6 weeks. The tank is cycled when ammonia and nitrites drop to zero, and nitrates are present.

Introducing the Fish

1. Acclimation Process

• Importance: Acclimating the fish to their new environment reduces stress and helps prevent shock.
• Steps:
• Float: Float the fish in their transport bag in the tank for 15-20 minutes to equalize the temperature.
• Add Water Gradually: Every 5 minutes, add a small amount of tank water to the bag to help the fish adjust to the water chemistry.
• Release: After 30-45 minutes, gently release the fish into the tank.

2. Monitoring Fish Health

• Importance: Regular monitoring helps detect and address health issues early, ensuring a stable and productive system.
• Steps:
• Observation: Observe fish behavior daily for signs of stress or illness, such as erratic swimming, gasping at the surface, or visible parasites.
• Testing: Regularly test water parameters (pH, ammonia, nitrites, nitrates) to ensure they are within acceptable ranges for your fish species.
• Maintenance: Perform regular maintenance, such as water changes and cleaning, to maintain water quality.

Integrating with the Grow Bed

1. Plumbing Setup

• Importance: Proper plumbing ensures efficient water flow between the fish tank and grow bed, critical for nutrient cycling and plant growth.
• Steps:
• Design: Plan the layout to minimize water flow issues. Common setups include flood-and-drain or continuous flow systems.
• Install: Install pipes, fittings, and valves to connect the fish tank to the grow bed. Use PVC or other safe, durable materials.
• Test: Test the plumbing system for leaks and ensure water flows smoothly between components.

2. Ensuring Proper Water Flow and Aeration

• Importance: Adequate water flow and aeration are essential for delivering nutrients to plants and maintaining oxygen levels for fish.
• Steps:
• Water Pump: Choose a reliable water pump with the right flow rate for your system. The pump should cycle the entire tank volume at least once per hour.
• Aeration: Install air stones or diffusers connected to an air pump to increase oxygen levels in the water. This is crucial for both fish and beneficial bacteria.
• Check Flow: Regularly check the flow rate and adjust if necessary to ensure all parts of the system receive adequate water and aeration.

Maintenance and Troubleshooting

Regular maintenance and prompt troubleshooting are essential for keeping your aquaponics system healthy and productive. This section outlines key maintenance tasks and common issues you may encounter, along with their solutions.

1. Water Quality Testing

Maintaining optimal water quality is crucial for the health of both fish and plants.

Tasks:

• Weekly Testing: Test the water weekly for pH, ammonia, nitrites, and nitrates using an aquarium test kit. Ideal levels vary by species but generally, ammonia and nitrites should be 0 ppm, nitrates below 40 ppm, and pH between 6.8 and 7.2.
• Adjustments: Make adjustments as needed to maintain proper levels. For example, use pH up or down products to adjust pH, and perform water changes to reduce nitrate levels.

2. Cleaning and Replacing Filters

Filters help maintain water quality by removing debris and promoting beneficial bacteria growth.

Tasks:

• Mechanical Filters: Clean mechanical filters (such as sponge or pad filters) weekly by rinsing them in dechlorinated water to remove trapped debris.
• Biofilters: Check biofilters regularly to ensure they are not clogged. Rinse gently if needed, but avoid using tap water to preserve beneficial bacteria.
• Replacement: Replace filters according to the manufacturer's recommendations or if they show signs of wear and tear.

3. Monitoring Fish and Plant Health

Early detection of health issues in fish and plants can prevent more significant problems.

Tasks:

• Daily Observation: Observe fish for signs of stress, illness, or unusual behavior, such as lethargy, gasping at the surface, or visible lesions.
• Plant Inspection: Check plants for signs of nutrient deficiencies, pests, or disease. Look for yellowing leaves, stunted growth, or unusual spots.
• Record Keeping: Maintain a log of water parameters, fish behavior, and plant growth to track trends and identify issues early.

Common Small Aquaponics Issues and Solutions

1. Algae Growth

• Issue: Algae can overtake the system, competing with plants for nutrients and oxygen.
• Solutions:
• Shade: Reduce light exposure by shading the tank or using a light filter. Algae thrive in bright light.
• Clean: Regularly clean the tank and components to remove algae buildup.
• Balance Nutrients: Ensure proper nutrient levels and avoid overfeeding fish, as excess nutrients promote algae growth.
• Algae Eaters: Introduce algae-eating fish or snails that can help control algae naturally.

2. Water Temperature Fluctuations

• Issue: Sudden changes in water temperature can stress fish and affect plant growth.
• Solutions:
• Heaters: Use aquarium heaters in colder climates to maintain a stable water temperature within the optimal range for your fish species.
• Insulation: Insulate the tank and grow beds to protect against temperature fluctuations, especially in outdoor systems.
• Monitoring: Use a reliable thermometer to monitor water temperature daily and adjust heating or cooling as needed.

3. Fish Diseases

• Issue: Fish diseases can spread quickly and harm the entire population if not addressed promptly.
• Solutions:
• Quarantine: Quarantine new fish before adding them to the main tank to prevent introducing diseases.
• Medication: Use appropriate medications if you detect signs of disease. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for dosage and duration.
• Water Quality: Maintain high water quality, as poor conditions can stress fish and make them more susceptible to disease.
• Isolation: Isolate sick fish in a separate tank to prevent the disease from spreading.

4. Plant Nutrient Deficiencies

• Issue: Nutrient deficiencies can lead to poor plant growth and reduced yields.
• Solutions:
• Identify: Diagnose the specific deficiency by examining symptoms. For example, yellowing leaves may indicate nitrogen deficiency, while dark veins with yellowing in between may suggest magnesium deficiency.
• Supplement: Add supplements as needed. For instance, use fish-safe iron chelate for iron deficiency or potassium supplements for potassium deficiency.
• Balanced Diet: Ensure fish are receiving a balanced diet, as this impacts the nutrient profile of their waste, which feeds the plants.

The Best Fish Tanks for Small-Scale Aquaponics Systems

Several options are available when selecting the best fish tank for small aquaponics systems. Here are five recommendations that offer durability, functionality, and compatibility for your aquaponics setup.

1.  Best Overall: AquaSprouts Garden

Check GoGreen    Check Amazon

Review Summary	Pros	Cons	Great for
	Sleek and modern design Easy to set up Efficient use of space with an integrated fish tank and grow bed Includes a filtration system for clean water and healthy fish Suitable for small to medium-sized spaces Enhances the aesthetic appeal of any living space	Limited capacity  Not suitable for commercial production Requires regular monitoring and adjustment of nutrient levels Fish tank size may limit the number and size of fish that can be kept	Home aquaponics systems Small-scale aquaponics projects Individuals with limited space for aquaponics setups Those seeking an aesthetically pleasing aquaponics solution for their living space

 

Our Review

The AquaSprouts Garden  fish tank is a game-changer in the world of aquaponics. Its sleek design and easy setup make it perfect for beginners and experienced enthusiasts alike. Setting up the AquaSprouts Garden was a breeze, thanks to clear instructions. The tank's size is ideal for small to medium spaces, making it versatile for home or office use. The AquaSprouts Garden's integrated design maximizes space by utilizing the fish waste to nourish the plants. Continuous nutrient-rich water keeps the plants thriving, with minimal maintenance required. Maintenance of this AquaSprouts Garden is hassle-free because the system includes a filtration system that keeps the water and fish healthy.

In short, the AquaSprouts Garden fish tank simplifies aquaponics and brings natural beauty into your surroundings. It's a must-have for anyone interested in sustainable farming.

2.  Best Value: Penn-Plax Aquaponic Planter and Aquarium

Check Amazon

Review Summary	Pros	Cons	Great for
	Compact design, perfect for small spaces Easy setup and assembly Suitable for beginners Self-sustaining ecosystem  Low-maintenance system	Limited capacity for larger fish  Not suitable for commercial production The small planter size may limit the number and variety of plants that can be grown Requires regular monitoring and adjustment of nutrient levels May need additional lighting for optimal plant growth	Small-scale aquaponics projects Home or office aquaponics setups Beginners or those with limited space for aquaponics systems Individuals seeking a visually appealing and self-contained aquaponic solution

 

Our Review

The Penn-Plax Aquaponic Planter and Aquarium is an innovative and compact solution for aquaponics enthusiasts. Its easy setup and dual functionality bring the beauty of a self-sustaining ecosystem to any small space. The system's ingenious combination of an aquarium and planter creates a mutually beneficial relationship between fish and plants. The planter provides ample space for various plants, allowing you to create a mini indoor garden. The integrated filtration system ensures clean water, supporting healthy fish and optimal plant growth.

While the aquarium's capacity is limited to smaller fish species, the Penn-Plax Aquaponic Planter and Aquarium still offer a visually appealing display, adding a touch of tranquility to any environment. It's perfect for beginners or anyone with limited space, bringing the wonders of a self-sustaining ecosystem into your home or office.

3.  Best for Size: All Glass Aquarium Fish Tank

Check Amazon

Review Summary	Pros	Cons	Great for
	Durable construction for long-lasting performance Practical design  Transparent glass provides an unobstructed view of the aquaponics ecosystem Can accommodate various fish species and plant types Offers customization options	Requires additional components for setup Limited capacity for larger-scale aquaponics projects Requires regular monitoring	Beginners and experienced aquaponics enthusiasts Small to medium-scale aquaponics projects Those seeking a durable and customizable tank for their aquaponics setup Individuals looking to enjoy the visual appeal of a transparent glass tank

 

Our Review

The All Glass Aquarium Fish Tank is a versatile and durable option for aquaponics enthusiasts. Its practical design and various sizes provide an ideal foundation for creating your aquaponics ecosystem. This fish tank is built to last, ensuring long-term performance and reliability. Its transparent glass design allows for an unobstructed view, adding aesthetic appeal to your space.

While the All Glass Aquarium Fish Tank doesn't come with integrated aquaponic features, it offers flexibility for customization. You can easily add components like a grow bed, filtration system, and water pump to create your desired aquaponics system. Whether you're a beginner or an experienced aquaponics enthusiast, this tank provides a solid base for cultivating a thriving and visually pleasing aquaponics setup.

Runner Ups for Best Small Aquaponics System Fish Tank

1.  Vivosun 3-Gallon Aquaponics Fish Tank

Check Amazon

Review Summary	Pros	Cons	Great for
	Compact size, perfect for small spaces Easy setup and assembles Integrated filtration system for maintaining water quality Included grow bed for cultivating a variety of plants Visually appealing,  Lightweight and sturdy construction	Limited capacity for fish and plant selection Requires regular monitoring of water quality and nutrient levels Not suitable for larger-scale aquaponics projects Additional lighting may be needed	Small-scale aquaponics projects Home or office aquaponics setups Beginners or those with limited space for aquaponics systems

Our Review

The VIVOSUN 3-Gallon Aquaponic Fish Tank is a compact and efficient solution for aquaponics enthusiasts. With its easy setup, integrated filtration system, compact design and included grow bed, it offers a convenient and visually appealing way to create a small-scale aquaponics ecosystem. The VIVOSUN 3-Gallon Aquaponic Fish Tank is an excellent choice for compact aquaponics systems.

2.  Tetra 55 Gallon Aquarium Kit

Check Amazon

Review Summary	Pros	Cons	Great for
	Spacious 55-gallon capacity Comprehensive kit with a sturdy glass tank Versatile design for customization  Reliable filtration system Roomy enough to accommodate larger plants and fish species Provides a visually impressive display in any setting	Additional customization may be required Requires careful monitoring and maintenance of water quality and nutrient levels May not be suitable for limited spaces or smaller-scale aquaponics projects	Experienced aquaponics enthusiasts Those seeking a larger-scale aquaponics setup Individuals with ample space

Our Review

TheTetra 55 Gallon Aquarium Kit is a top choice for aquaponics enthusiasts seeking a versatile and roomy setup. Its large size and comprehensive kit provides ample space and essential components for a thriving aquaponics system.

The 55-gallon capacity offers flexibility in fish selection and plant variety. The included filtration system and water pump ensure optimal water quality for fish and plants.

While additional customization may be required, the Tetra 55 Gallon Aquarium Kit provides a solid foundation for creating a personalized aquaponics setup.

Conclusion

Choosing the right fish tank is essential for its success in small-scale aquaponics systems. The fish tank is more than a container—it is the center of a dynamic and interconnected aquaponics ecosystem.

The tank size that matches available space and the needs of the chosen fish species sets the stage for balance within the aquaponics system. The material of the tank shapes not only its durability but also its resonance with the broader components of the setup. Considering the important factors discussed in this article, you can make an informed choice that aligns with your budget and requirements and confidently embark on your small-scale aquaponics journey.